昭和の歴史Histoire de Showa『日中全面戦争Guerre sino-japonaise : une guerre à grande échelle』藤原　彰Akira Fujiwara - 小学館Shogakukan／1982【中國抗日戰爭／八年抗戰 - Японо-китайская война】世界の友邦たちへÀ mes amis du monde entier(CANADA)2026/05/20⑪

　支那駐屯軍指揮下の独立混成第１１旅団は、この命令でチャハル省にむかって前進しようとしたが、８月１２日から、北京西北方の山地の入り口である南口で中国軍のはげしい抵抗にあい、苦戦におちいったUnder this order, the 11th Independent Mixed Brigade—part of the China Garrison Army—attempted to advance toward Chahar Province; however, beginning on August 12, it encountered fierce resistance from Chinese forces at Nankou, the gateway to the mountainous region northwest of Beijing, and found itself in a difficult situation. そこで、内地から到着した第五師団をくわえ、ようやく八月下旬に、八達嶺付近の万里の長城の線に進出したThus, reinforced by the 5th Division arriving from the Japanese mainland, they finally advanced to the line of the Great Wall near Badaling in late August. 支那駐屯軍の援助を命ぜられた関東軍は異常な熱意でこれにあたり、混成旅団三個をもってチャハル派遣兵団を編成、参謀長東条英機中将に関東軍司令官の名でこれを指揮させたOrdered to provide support to the China Garrison Army, the Kwantung Army undertook the task with extraordinary zeal; it organized the Chahar Expeditionary Force—comprising three mixed brigades—and placed it under the command of Chief of Staff Lieutenant General Hideki Tojo, acting in the name of the Kwantung Army Commander.

Српски / srpskiセルビア語→Хидеки Тоџо (јап. 東條 英機도조 히데키; Токио, 30. децембар 1884東京都出身（大日本帝国陸軍大将／A級戦犯＝絞首刑） — Токио, 23. децембар 1948)Хидэ́ки Тодзё био је генерал Јапанске царске војске (ИЈА),https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-pgz4B6mFSY вођа профашистичке организације Удружење за помоћ царској владавини и 40. премијер Јапана од 17. октобра 1941. до 22. јула 1944.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bVxBAD1SwSU

東条は盧溝橋事件いらい拡大論をとなえ、この作戦にも積極的にのぞんだTojo had advocated for an expansion of hostilities since the Marco Polo Bridge Incident and approached this operation with great enthusiasm. その指揮下部隊は、支那駐屯軍の部隊にさきがけて、８月２７日、チャハル省都の張家口を占領し、その跡も京綏線に沿って山西省・綏遠方面に進撃をつづけたOn August 27, his forces captured Kalgan (Zhangjiakou), the capital of Chahar Province—beating the China Garrison Army units to the objective—and subsequently continued their advance along the Beijing-Suiyuan Railway toward Shanxi Province and the Suiyuan region. 華北の作戦を北京・天津地区に限定しようとした参謀本部の構想は、まず、チャハル作戦の実行によってくずれたのであるThe Imperial General Staff's plan to limit operations in North China to the Beijing-Tianjin area was thus first undermined by the execution of the Chahar operation.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vLYMAG9PXm8 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MjP2--HrihY&t=174s

　北支方面軍の編成Formation of the North China Area Army

　予期せぬチャハル作戦がおこったうえ、保定付近や北京西南の山岳地帯に中国軍が集中してきたため、陸軍中央部は、保定付近に集まった中国軍主力に打撃をあたえることで、解決の機会をつかもうとしたIn addition to the outbreak of the unexpected Chahar Operation, Chinese forces were concentrating near Baoding and in the mountainous regions southwest of Beijing; consequently, Army Headquarters sought to seize an opportunity to resolve the situation by dealing a blow to the main body of Chinese troops gathered near Baoding.